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ЁЯУШ рд╕рдлрд▓рддा рдХी рд╕ीрдв़ी – 100 рдорд╣рдд्рд╡рдкूрд░्рдг рд╡рд╕्рддुрдиिрд╖्рда рдк्рд░рд╢्рди

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"Learning Today, Leading Tomorrow" рд╢िрдХ्рд╖िрдХा рдПрд╡ं рд╕ंрдХрд▓рдХ – Poornima Gontiya  ЁЯУЦ рд╡िрд╖рдп рд╢ाрдоिрд▓ рд╣ैं: рдЕंрддрд░्рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ीрдп рд╕ंрдЧрдарди рдордз्рдп рдк्рд░рджेрд╢ рд╕ाрдоाрди्рдп рдЬ्рдЮाрди рд╡िрдЯाрдоिрди рдПрд╡ं рд╕्рд╡ाрд╕्рде्рдп рднाрд░рддीрдп рд╕ंрд╡िрдзाрди рднाрд░рддीрдп рджрдг्рдб рд╕ंрд╣िрддा (IPC) ЁЯМА рднाрдЧ 1 : рдЕंрддрд░्рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ीрдп рд╕ंрдЧрдарди (International Organizations) рд╕ंрдпुрдХ्рдд рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ рд╕ंрдШ (UNO) рдХी рд╕्рдеाрдкрдиा рдХрдм рд╣ुрдИ рдеी? (A) 1919 (B) 1945 (C) 1939 (D) 1950 UNICEF рдХा рдоुрдЦ्рдп рдЙрдж्рджेрд╢्рдп рдХ्рдпा рд╣ै? (A) рд╢िрдХ्рд╖ा (B) рдмрдЪ्рдЪों рдХा рдХрд▓्рдпाрдг (C) рд╢ांрддि рд╕्рдеाрдкрдиा (D) рдЪिрдХिрдд्рд╕ा WHO рдХा рдоुрдЦ्рдпाрд▓рдп рдХрд╣ाँ рд╕्рдеिрдд рд╣ै? (A) рдкेрд░िрд╕ (B) рдЬेрдиेрд╡ा (C) рд▓ंрджрди (D) рди्рдпूрдпॉрд░्рдХ IMF рдХा рдкूрд░ा рдиाрдо рдХ्рдпा рд╣ै? (A) International Money Fund (B) International Monetary Fund (C) International Management Fund (D) International Member Fund UNESCO рдХा рдоुрдЦ्рдпाрд▓рдп рдХрд╣ाँ рд╣ै? (A) рд▓ंрджрди (B) рдкेрд░िрд╕ (C) рдмрд░्рд▓िрди (D) рд╡ॉрд╢िंрдЧрдЯрди рд╡िрд╢्рд╡ рдмैंрдХ рдХी рд╕्рдеाрдкрдиा рдХрдм рд╣ुрдИ рдеी? (A) 1944 (B) 1950 (C) 1960 (D) 1972 SAARC рдХी рд╕्рдеाрдкрдиा рдХिрд╕ рд╡рд░्рд╖ рд╣ुрдИ рдеी? (A) 1985 (B) 1980 (C) 1990 (D) 1975 WTO рдХा рдоुрдЦ्рдп рдЙрдж्рджेрд╢्рдп рдХ्рдпा рд╣ै? (A) рд╡िрд╢्рд╡ рд╢ांрддि (B) рдЕंрддрд░्рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ीрдп рд╡्...
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The Evolution of the Indian National Flag: A UPSC Aspirant’s Chronicle

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 ЁЯзн Why It Matters for UPSC GS Paper I & II: Modern Indian History, Polity, and National Symbols Ethics & Essay: Symbolism, Unity, and National Identity Prelims & Mains: Flag Code, Historical Milestones, Constitutional Relevance
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Comparative Analysis of Past Delimitation Exercises & Their Impact on Governance

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                          Comparative Analysis  Delimitation is the process of redrawing the boundaries of electoral constituencies to ensure fair representation based on population changes . In India, it is conducted by the Delimitation Commission , an independent body established under Article 82 (for Lok Sabha) and Article 170 (for State Assemblies) after every Census . Key Objectives of Delimitation ✔ Equal Representation – Ensures constituencies have uniform voter strength , preventing overrepresentation or underrepresentation.  ✔ Electoral Integrity – Adjusts boundaries to reflect demographic shifts , maintaining fair political representation .  ✔ Reservation Adjustments – Determines SC/ST reserved seats based on population distribution. Historical Timeline of Delimitation in India ЁЯУМ 1952 – First delimitation based on the  1951 Census .  ЁЯУМ 1963 – Adjustments after state reorga...
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PM E-DRIVE Scheme

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                       PM E-DRIVE Scheme  The PM Electric Drive Revolution in Innovative Vehicle Enhancement (PM E-DRIVE) Scheme has replaced FAME-II , shifting India's approach toward public transport electrification and EV infrastructure expansion .  *It holds significance for UPSC Prelims & Mains , particularly in Governance, Environmental Policies, Disaster Management, and Economic Sustainability . Key Facts & Features ЁЯУМ Launch Year : April 2024  ЁЯУМ Budget Allocation : ₹10,900 crore  ЁЯУМ Duration : Two years (April 2024–March 2026)  ЁЯУМ Focus Areas :   ✔ Deployment of 14,028 Electric Buses    ✔ Establishment of 72,000 EV Charging Stations    ✔ Energy Security & Sustainable Transport    ✔ Scrappage Incentive for Old ICE Buses ЁЯУМ Exclusions : No subsidies for private electric cars , unlike FAME-II .  ЁЯУМ Subsidy Mechanism : Aadhaar-based authent...
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Quasars: Cosmic Beacons

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ЁЯФн Quasar-Triggered Star Formation Shutdown * Why in the news? ЁЯУН Discovery : The Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics ( IUCAA), Pune & international team confirm that quasars halt star formation when galaxies collide.  ЁЯММ Observations : Using VLT & ALMA telescopes , scientists found that quasar radiation strips interstellar gas , preventing star formation.  ЁЯУН Key Telescopes Used in IUCAA’s Research Very Large Telescope (VLT) —Operated by the European Southern Observatory (ESO) in Chile, VLT is one of the most advanced optical telescopes. It is used to study distant galaxies, quasars, and cosmic phenomena . Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA)— A powerful radio telescope in Chile, ALMA helps observe cold interstellar gas, star formation, and early universe structures . ЁЯУН Recent Discovery: Quasar Disrupting Star Formation IUCAA researchers, in collaboration with an international team, used VLT and ALMA to observe a galaxy inte...
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iGOT Karmayogi

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                      iGOTKarmayogi  The Integrated Government Online Training (iGOT) Karmayogi platform is a digital learning initiative under the National Programme for Civil Services Capacity Building (NPCSCB) , launched in 2020 . It aims to enhance the skills and efficiency of civil servants through competency-based learning, AI-driven training modules, and structured career development . ЁЯУМ UPSC Prelims Key Points ✔ Objective → Capacity building for civil servants through digital learning .  ✔ Implementing Agency → Capacity Building Commission (CBC) under DoPT .  ✔ Key Features → Competency-Based Learning → Focus on behavioral, functional, and domain competencies . Digital Training Platform → iGOT Karmayogi offers self-paced courses . Performance-Based Evaluation → Officers assessed based on course completion & competency development .  ✔ Legislative Frameworks → Mission Karmayogi (NPCSCB)...
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Asiatic Lion Conservation

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             Asiatic Lion Conservation The Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica) , native to India , has made a significant recovery due to sustained conservation efforts under Project Lion . The 2025 Asiatic Lion Census recorded a 32.2% increase , bringing the population to 891 , reinforcing its role as a flagship species for conservation .
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Namami Gange Mission

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                   Namami Gange Mission The National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) is the implementation arm of the Namami Gange Programme , launched in 2014 to rejuvenate and conserve the Ganga River . It operates under the Ministry of Jal Shakti and follows a river basin approach to ensure pollution control, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable river management. ЁЯУМ UPSC Prelims Key Points ✔ Objective → Holistic conservation and rejuvenation of the Ganga Basin.  ✔ Implementing Agency → National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) under National Ganga Council.  ✔ Legislative Frameworks → Environment Protection Act, 1986 → Regulates industrial waste discharge. Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 → Ensures river water quality protection.  ✔ Financial Model → Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) – A PPP-based funding approach for long-term sustainability.  ✔ Afforestation & Biodiversity → Focuses on...
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