The Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016 is a critical topic for the UPSC Civil Services Examination, particularly under GS Paper II (Social Justice and Governance) . It replaced the PwD Act of 1995 to comply with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). Key Highlights of the RPwD Act, 2016 1. Expanded Definition of Disability The Act increased the number of recognized disabilities from 7 to 21. Added Disabilities : Cerebral Palsy, Dwarfism, Muscular Dystrophy, Acid Attack victims, Speech and Language disability, Specific Learning Disabilities, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Chronic Neurological conditions (Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s), Blood Disorders (Haemophilia, Thalassemia, Sickle Cell disease), and Multiple Disabilities. The Central Government maintains the power to add more types of disabilities to this list. 2. Rights and Entitlements ✅ Education : Children with "benchmark disabilities...
Babri Masjid case
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The Babri Masjid case is one of the most significant and contentious legal and political issues in India. Here are the key points:
Background:
- Babri Masjid: A mosque built in the 16th century by Mughal commander Mir Baqi in Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh1.
- Dispute: The site is believed by many Hindus to be the birthplace of Lord Rama, leading to a long-standing dispute over the land1.
Key Events:
- Demolition: On December 6, 1992, the Babri Masjid was demolished by a large group of activists, leading to widespread riots and violence1.
- Legal Battle: The dispute over the land continued in the courts for decades, involving multiple parties, including the Uttar Pradesh Sunni Central Waqf Board and the Hindu Mahasabha2.
Supreme Court Verdict (2019):
- Judgment: On November 9, 2019, the Supreme Court of India delivered its final verdict2.
- The court ordered the disputed land to be handed over to a trust for the construction of a Ram temple.
- It also directed the government to provide an alternative 5-acre plot to the Sunni Waqf Board for building a mosque2.
Acquittal of BJP Leaders (2020):
- Court Ruling: In September 2020, a special court acquitted senior BJP leaders, including L.K. Advani, M.M. Joshi, and Uma Bharti, of charges related to the demolition3.
This case has had a profound impact on Indian society and politics, highlighting the complex interplay between religion, law, and politics in the country.
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