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Comparative Analysis of Past Delimitation Exercises & Their Impact on Governance

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                          Comparative Analysis  Delimitation is the process of redrawing the boundaries of electoral constituencies to ensure fair representation based on population changes . In India, it is conducted by the Delimitation Commission , an independent body established under Article 82 (for Lok Sabha) and Article 170 (for State Assemblies) after every Census . Key Objectives of Delimitation ✔ Equal Representation – Ensures constituencies have uniform voter strength , preventing overrepresentation or underrepresentation.  ✔ Electoral Integrity – Adjusts boundaries to reflect demographic shifts , maintaining fair political representation .  ✔ Reservation Adjustments – Determines SC/ST reserved seats based on population distribution. Historical Timeline of Delimitation in India 📌 1952 – First delimitation based on the  1951 Census .  📌 1963 – Adjustments after state reorga...
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The Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In)

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 The  Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In)  
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Shirui Lily

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                                  Shirui Lily 
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Core vs. Headline Inflation

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                Core vs. Headline Inflation  ✔ GS Paper 3 (Indian Economy & Monetary Policy) ✔ Current Affairs – RBI’s Inflation Targeting Framework ✔ Impact on Economic Growth & Price Stability Headline Inflation 📈 – Broad Measure of Inflation Definition : Measures total inflation across the economy, including all goods and services. Includes : Food 🍎, Fuel ⛽, Manufactured Goods 🏭, Services 💼 . Volatility : Highly fluctuating due to seasonal variations in food & fuel prices. Key Index Used : Consumer Price Index (CPI) & Wholesale Price Index (WPI) in India. Core Inflation 🎯 – Stable Measure for Monetary Policy Definition : Measures inflation trends by excluding volatile items like food & fuel . Purpose : Provides a steady 🔥 and long-term inflation trend for policy decisions. Derived From : Headline Inflation minus food & fuel components. Importance : Used by RBI for monetary policy decisions (Infla...
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Prostate Cancer

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                                      Prostate Cancer  ✔ GS Paper 2 & 3 (Health, Science & Technology, Public Policy) ✔ Current Affairs – Rising Cancer Cases in India Overview Prostate Cancer develops in the prostate gland , part of the male reproductive system . Major Risk Factors – Age, genetics, lifestyle choices ( diet, smoking, obesity). Symptoms – Difficulty urinating, pelvic pain, weak urine stream, blood in urine/semen.                       Early Detection – Blood Tests Used Globally vs. India Blood Test Purpose Global Usage India’s Accessibility PSA Test Measures Prostate-Specific Antigen levels Widely used Available in urban hospitals Free PSA Test Differentiates cancer vs. benign conditions Standard in diagnostics Limited in smaller cities 4Kscore Test Assesses cancer risk Common in Western nations Rare...
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Euthalia malaccana

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                          Euthalia malaccana  ✔ GS Paper 3 (Biodiversity & Conservation) ✔ GS Paper 1 (Geography & Environmental Significance) ✔ Current Affairs – Ecological Discoveries in India. New Butterfly Species Discovery – UPSC Significance ✅ Scientific Classification : Euthalia malaccana , a newly confirmed butterfly species in India. Previously considered a subspecies of Euthalia adonia . ✅ Discovery in India : Location : Basar, Leparada District, Arunachal Pradesh Altitude : 685 meters above sea level First Confirmed Sightings : 2023–2024 Researchers : Roshan Upadhaya & Taslima Sheikh ✅ Distinctive Features : Males – Blue apical spot on forewings . Females – Larger apical spots, reduced red markings on hindwings. ✅ Scientific Documentation : Published in SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia (International Butterfly Research Journal). Why This Matters for UPSC ? ✅ Biodiversity Conservatio...
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Hubble Space Telescope (HST)

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                            Hubble Space Telescope (HST)  The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is one of the most significant astronomical observatories ever launched. Since its deployment in 1990 , it has transformed our understanding of the universe by capturing breathtaking images and making groundbreaking discoveries. Key Features of Hubble Launch Date : April 24, 1990 , aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery . Orbit : Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at 537 km altitude . Primary Mirror : 2.4 meters in diameter. Scientific Instruments : Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) – Captures high-resolution images. Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) – Studies distant galaxies. Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) – Maps cosmic structures. Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) – Observes infrared light. Recent Discoveries Cotton Candy Clouds in the Large Magellanic Cloud – Hubble captured a stunning view of a dwarf galax...
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Electronics Component Manufacturing Scheme (ECMS)

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Electronics Component Manufacturing Scheme (ECMS)  Introduction The Electronics Component Manufacturing Scheme (ECMS) is a strategic initiative under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) . It aims to strengthen India's electronics ecosystem , promoting self-reliance and reducing import dependency. The scheme is significant for UPSC GS Paper 3 (Economy, Technology, and Industrial Growth) as it addresses manufacturing, supply chain resilience, and technological advancement .            ECMS & End-Use Devices ECMS plays a crucial role in developing India's electronics industry , ensuring a robust supply chain for end-use devices like smartphones, laptops, IoT gadgets, and defense systems . 1. Component Availability ECMS boosts domestic production of critical components such as: Multi-layer PCBs Li-ion cells HDI/MSAP/Flexible PCBs These components are essential for consumer electronics, medical equipment, and defense tec...
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