The Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016

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The Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016 is a critical topic for the UPSC Civil Services Examination, particularly under GS Paper II (Social Justice and Governance) . It replaced the PwD Act of 1995 to comply with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). Key Highlights of the RPwD Act, 2016 1. Expanded Definition of Disability The Act increased the number of recognized disabilities from 7 to 21.   Added Disabilities : Cerebral Palsy, Dwarfism, Muscular Dystrophy, Acid Attack victims, Speech and Language disability, Specific Learning Disabilities, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Chronic Neurological conditions (Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s), Blood Disorders (Haemophilia, Thalassemia, Sickle Cell disease), and Multiple Disabilities.   The Central Government maintains the power to add more types of disabilities to this list. 2. Rights and Entitlements  ✅  Education : Children with "benchmark disabilities...
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The impeachment of the President of India

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 The impeachment of the President of India is governed by Article 61 of the Constitution. It is a quasi-judicial process, meaning it involves both Parliamentary proceedings and legal scrutiny.

Impeachment Process

  1. Grounds for Impeachment

    • The President can be impeached for "violation of the Constitution."

    • However, the term "violation of the Constitution" is not explicitly defined, making it subject to interpretation.

  2. Procedure

    • A notice signed by at least one-fourth of the members of either House is required.

    • The motion must be passed by a two-thirds majority in both Houses of Parliament.

    • An investigation is conducted before the final vote.

    • If the motion is passed, the President is removed from office.

Exceptions & Limitations

  • No President has been impeached in India so far.

  • The Vice President does not automatically take over unless the impeachment is successful.

  • The President continues to exercise powers until the process is completed.

  • Unlike the U.S. impeachment process, which involves the judiciary, India's impeachment is purely parliamentary.



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