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Dr. D.C. Wadhwa & Ors. vs. State of Bihar & Ors. case of 1986

 The Dr. D.C. Wadhwa & Ors. vs. State of Bihar & Ors. case of 1986 is a cornerstone in the Indian judicial history, highlighting the delicate balance of power between the executive and legislative branches of government . The case stemmed from a practice that had become routine for the Bihar government: the re-promulgation of ordinances without legislative approval, a process that Dr. D.C. Wadhwa, an economics professor, found to be a subversion of democratic principles . The Supreme Court's decision in this case was a resounding affirmation of constitutional law and its supremacy over executive convenience. By declaring the practice of re-promulgating ordinances without legislative consent as unconstitutional, the court reinforced the necessity of legislative scrutiny and the impermanence of ordinances, which are meant to be emergency measures, not a backdoor for enacting laws. This landmark judgment serves as a reminder of the importance of checks and balances within

Namdapha National Park

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Image credits - google 🌟Namdapha National Park   ✍️ Located at 27° North of Equator in changlang district , Arunachal Pradesh. ✍️ Located at the turbulance of Noa- Dihing river which runs in north - south direction of Namdapha National Park and Namdapha is a river originating from the hill Daphabum {locally known as Dapha -hill and Bum - peak of the hill} , hence the name is given. ✍️It is a part of Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rainforests and  ranks as India's 4th largest national park after Hemmis in ladakh {1st}, Desert National Park in Rajasthan on 2nd and 3rd is Gangotri National Park in uttrakhand.  ✍️ It was declared as the 15th Tiger Reserve of India by government in 1983. ✍️ International borders - India -Myanmar {Burma}. ✍️ Important Hills and ranges - Dapha Bum ridge of Mishmi Hills and Patkai Ranges. #🌟{Kanha National Park in M.P. at 10th established in 1955 with an area of 940 sq.km.}

🌟India's efforts to preventive measures toward Neglected Tropical Diseases

🌟India's efforts to preventive measures toward Neglected Tropical Diseases 🌟Neglected Tropical Disease day is celebrated every year on 30th january declared by 74th world health assembly 2021. ✍️NTDs are the group of Parasitic , Bacterial , protozoan infections that are prevelent in tropical and sub-tropicsl regions. ✍️These diseases mainly affect improvised people of developing countries living in abject poverty. ✍️These are called "neglected" because they are often overlooked by the mainstream healthcare system despite  their significant affect on public health. ✍️ According to the database of Elsevier Science US and USA are predominant on NDTs. ✍️ Among global South Brazil and India ranked 3rd and 4th respectively. ✍️ India's contribution is 6% globally. ✍️ India carries the largest burden of at least 11 of these diseases with parasitic illness like kala azar and Lymphatic filariasis. 🌟 Important measures taken by India- ✍️ WHO - supported regional alliance esta

✍️India's National Cooling Action Plan

🌟 India's National Cooling Action Plan {ICAP} - A 20 year roadmap towards sustainable management of cooling plan. ✍️Aims to reduce cooling demands , refrigerant transition through various schemes and programme s run by Government of India  Sustainably . ✍️Enhancing energy efficiency by 2037-38. ✍️Works towards promoting passive cooling in buildings ,Bureaue of Energy Efficiency (BEE), has brought out the Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) for large non- residential buildings and Eco Niwas Samhita (ECBC-R) for the residential buildings. ✍️Studies in promotin✍️non-ozone depleting substance(ODSs) and low Global Warming Potential Chain. ✍️Up-skilling and certification of 43,450 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning (RAC) under the National Skill Qualification Framework (NSQF) of the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojna  (PMKVY )of Minstry of skill development and Enterprises (MSDE). ✍️ The plan is in sync with India's commitment towards ▶️ Montreal Protocol 1987 ▶️Paris A

The Amitabh Buddha

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🌼 Amitabh Buddha🌼 🌷according to the scriptures of Mahayana Buddhisim it is also known as "Amuda or Amitayus". 🌷The word Amitabha formed by two words 1. "Amita" which means without bound or infinite and "Abha"which means light splender. therefore it all together becomes "He who posses light without bound". 🌷The "Amitayus" is formed by the amalgamation of "Amit" - infinite and "Ayus" that is Life❤️ 🌷It is interpreted as "He whose life  is boundless". 🌷The Chinese name for Amitabh is " Wuliangguang" 🌷However ,these names are not used to call "Amitabh Buddha". 🌷In tibbetteian , "Amitabh" is called as "od doag med" opakme and for Amutayus , it's "tshe dpag med and Tsepakme. 🌷In pure land "Buddhism" , Amitabh is regarded as the principal  🌟48 vows means pure land "conditions that being have to follow"  in order to get born

🌟Privilege Committee🌟

📌About Committee of Privileges: ✍️It is a Standing Committee. ✍️ It came into being on 7 January 2013 as one half of the replacements for the Committee on Standards and Privileges. ✍️The functions of this committee are "Semi-judicial"  ✍️ Aimed to examine cases if breach of priviledges of the House and it's mrmbers and recommends appropriate action. 📌Members in Rajya Sabha - 10, nominated by Chairman . 📌 Members in Lok-Sabha - 15  nominated by the Speaker . ✍️In the Rajya Sabha, the deputy chairperson heads the committee of privileges. 🌟Powers and Functions: ✍️The committee examines every question involving a breach of privilege of the House or of the members or of any Committee thereof referred to it by the House or by the Speaker/Chairman.  ✍️It also determines with reference to the facts of each case whether a breach of privilege is involved and makes suitable recommendations in its report. ✍️In Rajya - Sabha When a question of privilege is referred to the Committe

📌 Barak River

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📌 Barak River ✍️Originates in Manipur hills. ✍️Dams on this river are Khuga dam ,Tipaimukh dam and Dolaithabi Barrage and Katakhal Barrage. ✍️Major tributaries are Jiri river,Makru river ,Tuivai river ,Chiri River etc. ✍️The river is a tributary Brahmaputra . ✍️It is a major river in north-eastern region of India,which is situated in Manipur, Mizoram, Assam and Nagaland. ✍️The river is about 450 Km long in Assam and is also known as the Surma river in Bangladesh.

📌PMMVY and JSY and it's sub schemes

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🌟PMMVY {2017} 🔺Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojna 📌Launched at 1st January 2017. 📌 Implemented as per provisions under section 4 of the National Food Security Act {NFSA},2013 which provides for financial support for pregnant and lactating womens . 📌Centrally sponsored scheme 📌Ministry of women and child development 💡Aimed to give partial compensation to pregnant women and lactating mothers who were working and had experienced a wage-loss due to their pregnancy. 🔴{not applicatie to women with regular employment in central or state government} . 📌Maternity benifit of ₹ 5000 in 3 installments to pregnant women and lectating mothers {PW&LW} of 19 years or above fir the 1st live birth. 📣 upon fulfillments of certain conditions include.. ✍️1st installment - ₹1000 on early registration of pregnancy at the AWC/approved health facility. ✍️2nd installment -  ₹2000/- after 6 months of pregnancy on recieving at least one eternal check-up(ANC). ✍️3rd installment - ₹2000/-