The Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016

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The Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016 is a critical topic for the UPSC Civil Services Examination, particularly under GS Paper II (Social Justice and Governance) . It replaced the PwD Act of 1995 to comply with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). Key Highlights of the RPwD Act, 2016 1. Expanded Definition of Disability The Act increased the number of recognized disabilities from 7 to 21.   Added Disabilities : Cerebral Palsy, Dwarfism, Muscular Dystrophy, Acid Attack victims, Speech and Language disability, Specific Learning Disabilities, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Chronic Neurological conditions (Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s), Blood Disorders (Haemophilia, Thalassemia, Sickle Cell disease), and Multiple Disabilities.   The Central Government maintains the power to add more types of disabilities to this list. 2. Rights and Entitlements  ✅  Education : Children with "benchmark disabilities...
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AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT COUNCIL

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image source- google

The Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India allows for the formation of autonomous administrative divisions that have been granted autonomy within their respective states. These autonomous district councils operate in various regions, primarily in North East India, with a few exceptions in Ladakh and West Bengal.

Here are some key points about these autonomous district councils:

  1. Formation and Purpose:

    • Autonomous district councils are established to ensure self-governance and empowerment within specific regions.
    • Most of these councils operate under the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution.
    • They have legislative and executive powers in various areas, allowing them to address local needs and priorities.

  2. Powers and Competencies:

    • Land Management: Autonomous district councils can make laws related to land management.
    • Forest Management: They have authority over forest resources.
    • Water Resources: Control and regulation of water resources.
    • Agriculture and Cultivation: Policies related to agriculture.
    • Formation of Village Councils: Establishing local governance structures.
    • Public Health and Sanitation: Ensuring community well-being.
    • Village and Town Level Policing: Local law enforcement.
    • Appointment of Traditional Chiefs and Headmen: Recognizing traditional leadership.
    • Inheritance of Property, Marriage and Divorce, and Social Customs.
    • Money Lending and Trading, Mining and Minerals.
    • Judicial Powers: Setting up courts for cases involving Scheduled Tribes.
    • Taxation and Revenue: Levying taxes on various aspects such as land, animals, vehicles, and more.

  3. List of Autonomous Administrative Divisions:

    • The following autonomous district councils operate under the Sixth Schedule:
      • Bodoland Territorial Council (Assam)
      • North Cachar Hills Autonomous Council (Assam)
      • Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council (Assam)
      • Tiwa Autonomous Council (Assam)
      • Mising Autonomous Council (Assam)
      • Rabha Hasong Autonomous Council (Assam)
      • Sonowal Kachari Autonomous Council (Assam)
      • Thengal Kachari Autonomous Council (Assam)
      • Garo Hills Autonomous District Council (Meghalaya)
      • Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council (Meghalaya)
      • Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council (Meghalaya)
      • Dima Hasao Autonomous District Council (Assam)

These autonomous district councils play a vital role in local governance, preserving cultural heritage, and addressing community-specific needs. 

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