The Nobel Prize: India’s Story of Inspiration and Global Impact

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Every October, the world watches as the Nobel Prize winners are announced, celebrating the highest achievements in human knowledge, compassion, and creativity. For more than a century, this extraordinary honor has been a beacon of hope—fueling dreams, opening doors, and changing lives across the globe.   A Legacy Born in 1901 The Nobel Prize was born from the vision of Alfred Nobel, a pioneering inventor who wanted the brightest minds to be recognized for their incredible contributions. Since 1901, six categories—Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economics— have become the world’s most revered stages for innovation and humanity’s progress.   The Numbers Behind Greatness ⚜️ Over 1,000 laureates have been honored worldwide. ⚜️ Physics, Medicine, and Chemistry remain the most awarded fields. ⚜️ The Peace Prize shines a spotlight on hope, peace, and human rights. ⚜️ India proudly counts 9 Nobel laureates across categories ranging from Literature to E...
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MUNICIPALITIES

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 A municipality is a political subdivision of a state that establishes a municipal corporation to provide general local government for a specific population concentration within a defined area. These urban local bodies play a crucial role in governing cities and towns. Let’s explore more about municipalities:

  1. Definition:

  2. Evolution of Urban Bodies in India:

    • The institutions of urban local government in India have a historical context:
      • The first municipal corporation in India was established in Madras (now Chennai) in 1687-88.
      • Municipal corporations were subsequently set up in Bombay (now Mumbai) and Calcutta (now Kolkata) in the 18th century.
      • Lord Ripon, known as the “father of local self-government in India,” introduced significant reforms during his tenure as Viceroy in the 1880s.
      • The Royal Commission on decentralization submitted its report in 1909, emphasizing local self-government.
      • Under the Government of India Act, 1919, local self-government became a transferred subject under responsible Indian ministers.
      • The Cantonments Act was passed in 1924.
      • The Government of India Act, 1935, declared local self-government a provincial subject.
    • These historical milestones paved the way for the development of urban local bodies4.

  3. 74th Constitutional Amendment Act (CAA):

  4. Types of Urban Governments:

In summary, municipalities are essential for managing urban areas, providing services like water supply, sanitation, and waste collection. They contribute significantly to local governance and community well-being.

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