The Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016

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The Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016 is a critical topic for the UPSC Civil Services Examination, particularly under GS Paper II (Social Justice and Governance) . It replaced the PwD Act of 1995 to comply with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). Key Highlights of the RPwD Act, 2016 1. Expanded Definition of Disability The Act increased the number of recognized disabilities from 7 to 21.   Added Disabilities : Cerebral Palsy, Dwarfism, Muscular Dystrophy, Acid Attack victims, Speech and Language disability, Specific Learning Disabilities, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Chronic Neurological conditions (Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s), Blood Disorders (Haemophilia, Thalassemia, Sickle Cell disease), and Multiple Disabilities.   The Central Government maintains the power to add more types of disabilities to this list. 2. Rights and Entitlements  ✅  Education : Children with "benchmark disabilities...
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POWERS OF PRESIDENT RELATED TO UNION TERRITORIES IN INDIA

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 According to the Constitution of India, union territories (UTs) are directly administered by the President of India, acting through an administrator (typically called a Lieutenant Governor) appointed by the President. Articles 239–241 of the Constitution pertain to the administration of union territories1. In the context of union territories:

  1. Union Territories (UTs) are federal territories and are administered by the Union Government of India.
  2. The Lieutenant Governors (LGs) serve as the UT administrators and are appointed by the President of India.

Here are the current Union Territories in India:

  1. Delhi: The administrative capital of India.
  2. Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Located in the Bay of Bengal.
  3. Chandigarh: The administrative capital of both Haryana and Punjab.
  4. Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu: Merged into a single UT.
  5. Jammu and Kashmir: Reconstituted into two UTs — UT of Jammu and Kashmir and UT of Ladakh.
  6. Ladakh: A separate UT.
  7. Lakshadweep: Located in the Arabian Sea.
  8. Puducherry: Formerly known as Pondicherry.

These UTs play essential roles in governance, administration, and national security. 

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