Dr. D.C. Wadhwa & Ors. vs. State of Bihar & Ors. case of 1986

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 The Dr. D.C. Wadhwa & Ors. vs. State of Bihar & Ors. case of 1986 is a cornerstone in the Indian judicial history, highlighting the delicate balance of power between the executive and legislative branches of government . The case stemmed from a practice that had become routine for the Bihar government: the re-promulgation of ordinances without legislative approval, a process that Dr. D.C. Wadhwa, an economics professor, found to be a subversion of democratic principles . The Supreme Court's decision in this case was a resounding affirmation of constitutional law and its supremacy over executive convenience. By declaring the practice of re-promulgating ordinances without legislative consent as unconstitutional, the court reinforced the necessity of legislative scrutiny and the impermanence of ordinances, which are meant to be emergency measures, not a backdoor for enacting laws. This landmark judgment serves as a reminder of the importance of checks and balances within
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🚩✴️All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE)✴️🚩

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🔶Q. What is AISHE and Who release the report on AISHE.

✅All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE)
⚜️When - The ministry of education started AISHE in 2010-11.

⚜️ Purpose-  to build a robust database and assess the correct condition of higher education in the country.

⚜️Authority- Ministry of Education releases All India Survey on Higher Education(AISHE).

⚜️Benifits-
✴️3 Cs of Policy making in education system ie., Conviction,creditability, collaboration.
✴️Prism of the students trust on educational policies.

👉 Statistical report- 

📝 Enrollment in higher education increased to 4.14 crore, crossing the 4 crore mark for first time; increase of 7.5% from 2019-20 and 21% from 2014-15
📝 Female enrollment reaches 2 crore mark, increase of 13 Lakh from 2019-20
📝 Significant increase of 28% in enrolment of SC students and 38% in enrolment of Female SC Students in 2020-21, compared to 2014-15.

👉Loopholes- 
✴️Only 12.3% Indian institute participates in it so what about the other institutions. 
Where they stand ?
🔴Thus to curb the loopholes and outreach, inclusiveness "Triple chain of accountability" is needed and  more institutions should take part in the NISHE.

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 The Dr. D.C. Wadhwa & Ors. vs. State of Bihar & Ors. case of 1986 is a cornerstone in the Indian judicial history, highlighting the delicate balance of power between the executive and legislative branches of government . The case stemmed from a practice that had become routine for the Bihar government: the re-promulgation of ordinances without legislative approval, a process that Dr. D.C. Wadhwa, an economics professor, found to be a subversion of democratic principles . The Supreme Court's decision in this case was a resounding affirmation of constitutional law and its supremacy over executive convenience. By declaring the practice of re-promulgating ordinances without legislative consent as unconstitutional, the court reinforced the necessity of legislative scrutiny and the impermanence of ordinances, which are meant to be emergency measures, not a backdoor for enacting laws. This landmark judgment serves as a reminder of the importance of checks and balances within
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