Dr. D.C. Wadhwa & Ors. vs. State of Bihar & Ors. case of 1986

-
 The Dr. D.C. Wadhwa & Ors. vs. State of Bihar & Ors. case of 1986 is a cornerstone in the Indian judicial history, highlighting the delicate balance of power between the executive and legislative branches of government . The case stemmed from a practice that had become routine for the Bihar government: the re-promulgation of ordinances without legislative approval, a process that Dr. D.C. Wadhwa, an economics professor, found to be a subversion of democratic principles . The Supreme Court's decision in this case was a resounding affirmation of constitutional law and its supremacy over executive convenience. By declaring the practice of re-promulgating ordinances without legislative consent as unconstitutional, the court reinforced the necessity of legislative scrutiny and the impermanence of ordinances, which are meant to be emergency measures, not a backdoor for enacting laws. This landmark judgment serves as a reminder of the importance of checks and balances within
Post a Comment

🚩⚜️Who are PIO and OCI?🚩

-

🚩 Session of 26/june/2023⤵️

⚜️Who are PIO and OCI?

✅There are over 30 million overseas Indians living abroad and the remittance of close to 69 billion dollars annually by overseas Indians.
They can be categorised in three broad categories - NRIs, PIOs and OCIs. A Non-Resident Indian (NRI) is a citizen of India who has temporarily emigrated to another country for six months.

✅PIOs and OCI card holders are not citizens but people who want to stay connected and involved with India more closely.
✅The PIO card was first implemented in 2002 as a benefit to foreign nationals who could establish at least a third generation tie to Indian origin.
✅The OCI card was implemented in 2005, carried more benefits than the PIO card, and is valid for the holder’s lifetime.

🚩In 2015, the PIO scheme was withdrawn by the Government of India and was merged with the OCI.

🔱Some extra information ⚜️

👉The Government of India via Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2015 merged the Person of Indian Origin (PIO) category with OCI category in 2015.

🚩Benefits to OCI Cardholders

✅OCI cardholders can enter India multiple times, get a multipurpose lifelong visa to visit India, and are exempt from registering with Foreigners Regional Registration Office (FRRO).

✅If an individual is registered as an OCI for a period of five years, he/she is eligible to apply for Indian citizenship.

✅At all Indian international airports, OCI cardholders are provided with special immigration counters.

✅OCI cardholders can open special bank accounts in India, buy the non-farm property and exercise ownership rights and can also apply for a Permanent Account Number (PAN) card.

🚩Limitations 👉

✅OCI cardholders do not get voting rights, cannot hold a government job and purchase agricultural or farmland.

👉They cannot travel to restricted areas without government permission.

For more details please visit👉 citizenship act of 1955.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

🌟Privilege Committee🌟

-
📌About Committee of Privileges: ✍️It is a Standing Committee. ✍️ It came into being on 7 January 2013 as one half of the replacements for the Committee on Standards and Privileges. ✍️The functions of this committee are "Semi-judicial"  ✍️ Aimed to examine cases if breach of priviledges of the House and it's mrmbers and recommends appropriate action. 📌Members in Rajya Sabha - 10, nominated by Chairman . 📌 Members in Lok-Sabha - 15  nominated by the Speaker . ✍️In the Rajya Sabha, the deputy chairperson heads the committee of privileges. 🌟Powers and Functions: ✍️The committee examines every question involving a breach of privilege of the House or of the members or of any Committee thereof referred to it by the House or by the Speaker/Chairman.  ✍️It also determines with reference to the facts of each case whether a breach of privilege is involved and makes suitable recommendations in its report. ✍️In Rajya - Sabha When a question of privilege is referred to the Committe
Read more

‘India had parliamentary institutions when people of Europe were mere nomads’

-
Image
The quote by  Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, "India had parliamentary institutions when people of Europe were mere nomads,"  is a powerful testament to the ancient civilization's early advancements in governance and societal structures. It speaks volumes about the historical context of India's political systems, which were far more developed than often recognized in the common Eurocentric narrative of history. This essay will delve into the implications of Ambedkar's statement, exploring its historical accuracy, its significance in the context of Indian pride and identity, and its relevance in contemporary discussions about the origins and evolution of democratic institutions. Firstly, various historical records and scholarly research support the assertion that India had parliamentary institutions in ancient times. The 'sabha' and 'samiti' of the Vedic period, for instance, are indicative of consultative assemblies that played a role in governance. These bodie
Read more

Dr. D.C. Wadhwa & Ors. vs. State of Bihar & Ors. case of 1986

-
 The Dr. D.C. Wadhwa & Ors. vs. State of Bihar & Ors. case of 1986 is a cornerstone in the Indian judicial history, highlighting the delicate balance of power between the executive and legislative branches of government . The case stemmed from a practice that had become routine for the Bihar government: the re-promulgation of ordinances without legislative approval, a process that Dr. D.C. Wadhwa, an economics professor, found to be a subversion of democratic principles . The Supreme Court's decision in this case was a resounding affirmation of constitutional law and its supremacy over executive convenience. By declaring the practice of re-promulgating ordinances without legislative consent as unconstitutional, the court reinforced the necessity of legislative scrutiny and the impermanence of ordinances, which are meant to be emergency measures, not a backdoor for enacting laws. This landmark judgment serves as a reminder of the importance of checks and balances within
Read more