The Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016

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The Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016 is a critical topic for the UPSC Civil Services Examination, particularly under GS Paper II (Social Justice and Governance) . It replaced the PwD Act of 1995 to comply with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). Key Highlights of the RPwD Act, 2016 1. Expanded Definition of Disability The Act increased the number of recognized disabilities from 7 to 21.   Added Disabilities : Cerebral Palsy, Dwarfism, Muscular Dystrophy, Acid Attack victims, Speech and Language disability, Specific Learning Disabilities, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Chronic Neurological conditions (Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s), Blood Disorders (Haemophilia, Thalassemia, Sickle Cell disease), and Multiple Disabilities.   The Central Government maintains the power to add more types of disabilities to this list. 2. Rights and Entitlements  ✅  Education : Children with "benchmark disabilities...
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✅The challenges faced by NGT in its effective functioning.

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✅The challenges faced by NGT in its effective functioning.

👉The National Green Tribunal (NGT) formed in 2010 under NGT act as a statutory body with an objective of dealing the cases relating to the environmental issues by following the "Principle of natural justice".

👉New Delhi is the Principle place of sitting of tribunals and Bhopal,Kolkata,Pune and chennai shall be the other places for the sitting of the NGT.

✴️Challenges in effective Functioning are -
👉NGT is working only with 6 members instead of 21 zonal benches which are vacant from 2 years till now.
👉Several advocates practicing at the NGT blames the government for vacancies leading to the label given to the NGT as a "Bid to weaken the Institution s" one that should be the vanguard of fight against blind development at the cost of the environment.

👉The advocate disputes are the major problems due to which many cases not even come for hearing at NGT.

✴️The Tribunal being prohibited to hear cases related to 🔹Indian Forest Act,1927 and 🔹The wildlife protection Act of 1972 has arisen the questions on its status of Functioning Effectively.
⚜️Since Forest and Wildlife are the core part of Environment so they should be included in NGT for better functioning in guard of "Principle of natural justice".

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