Comparative Analysis of Past Delimitation Exercises & Their Impact on Governance

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                          Comparative Analysis  Delimitation is the process of redrawing the boundaries of electoral constituencies to ensure fair representation based on population changes . In India, it is conducted by the Delimitation Commission , an independent body established under Article 82 (for Lok Sabha) and Article 170 (for State Assemblies) after every Census . Key Objectives of Delimitation ✔ Equal Representation – Ensures constituencies have uniform voter strength , preventing overrepresentation or underrepresentation.  ✔ Electoral Integrity – Adjusts boundaries to reflect demographic shifts , maintaining fair political representation .  ✔ Reservation Adjustments – Determines SC/ST reserved seats based on population distribution. Historical Timeline of Delimitation in India 📌 1952 – First delimitation based on the  1951 Census .  📌 1963 – Adjustments after state reorga...
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The Arctic Council

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🚩Todays session mcq series.
🔶The Arctic Council is the leading intergovernmental forum promoting cooperation, coordination and interaction among the Arctic States, Arctic indigenous communities and other Arctic inhabitants on common Arctic issues.

Image : TNPSC

✅Formation - The formation of Arctic Council can be traced in the establishment of the Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy (AEPS) in 1991 as a framework for intergovernmental cooperation on environmental protection initiatives among the Arctic States including Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Russia, and the United States.
✅Objective - The Arctic Council works as a consensus-based body to deal with issues such as the change in biodiversity, melting sea ice, plastic pollution and black carbon.
🔶Member countries and Org.

✅The Council has members, ad hoc observer countries and "permanent participants"
Members of the Arctic Council: 🔹Ottawa Declaration declares 🔹Canada, the Kingdom of Denmark, 🔹Finland, 🔹Iceland, 🔹Norway,🔹 the Russian Federation, 🔹Sweden and🔹 the United States of America as a member of the Arctic Council.
⏭️Denmarks represents Greenland and the Faroe Islands.
🚩Permanent participants:
✅Aleut International Association (AIA),
✅Arctic Athabaskan Council (AAC)
✅Gwich'in Council ✅International (GCI)
✅Inuit Circumpolar Council (ICC)
✅Russian Association of Indigenous Peoples of the North (RAIPN)
✅Saami Council

🔱Status of india - observer 2013(no voting rights)

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